Mise-en-scene

It's when a deal of time goes into setting up each scene in a film. Cameras have to be positioned in particular ways to have a particular effect on the audience.

A great deal of time goes into setting up each scene in a film.

Elements:

• Setting and props.
• Costume, hair and makeup.
• Facial expressions and body language.
• Lightning and color.
• Positioning of characters/objects within the frame.

Setting(location) and props     

The settings used in a film are very rarely just backgrounds to the characters dialogue and indeed we will often see shots of places,without any action taking place.they can be used to influence an audience by building certain expectations and then the action takes a different turn.e.g. in a horror set in a normal city setting.

A prop is the term we give to objects in the setting which play a part in the action and also can signify information about the character, rather than just being part of the background,for example, a glass containing some poisoned wine.

     


Costume,hair and make up  

Costume plays a large part in the mise en scene because it can be an instant to us all of a character's personality,social status and job. it tells is immediately whether the film is set in the present and what society and/or culture it will centre around.it may also provide a clue to the part the character will play in the action.certain types of costume are identified closely with individual genres.

In the early days of cinema,make-up was used to highlight facial features as black and white films stock could not register detail very well.certain genres traditionally use make-up more than others.

     

Facial expressions and body language

Facial expressions provide a clear indicator of how someone is feeling.
If someone is smiling broadly, we assume they are happy but we may get a different feeling if this is accompanied by scary music.

Body language may also indicate how a character feels towards another character or may reflect the state of their relationship.


Lighting and color

Lightning is used to enhance mood, atmosphere and drama.

There are different types of lights:

• Ambient light: The general illumination surrounding the shooting or protection area.

• Back light: It separates subject from the background

• Realistic lightning: It is used so that actors and sets are lit so naturally that the audience do not notice the technology that has been used to simulate reality. It is often used in romantic comedies and soap operas.

• Expressive lightning: It's when the director uses light to set a mood or tone for a scene, or even a look to a whole film. Films like Sin City and The Dark Night have expressive lightning designs.

• High key picture: It makes the shot look very bright overall with small areas of shadow. A bright sunlit outdoors scene is high key.

• Low key picture: It makes the shot look dark overall with few areas of highlight. It makes the shot look dark overall with few areas of highlight. There may be one section of the shot which is brightly lit while the rest is in deep shadow. Nights shots or interiors are often low-key.

The color is used to create distortion or to colorate the light. Gels not only correct the color of light sources relative to one another or the film, they can also be used to distort light for dramatic or artistic purposes.




Positioning of characters / objects within the frame 

Positions within a frame can draw out attention to an important character/object.
A film-maker can use positioning to indicate relaltionships between people.

Sound

• It is part of the production process but mostly with the POST-PRODUCTION process.

Purpose in TV/Film:

1. Simulating reality
2. Creating illusion
3. Mood

Types of sounds:

• Diegetic

Sound whose source is visible on the screen or whose source is implied to be present by the action of the film:

• Voices of characters
• Sounds made by objects in the story
• Music represented as coming from instruments 

Diegetic sound is any sound presented as originated from source within the film's world.

• Non Diegetic

Sound whose source is neither visible on the screen nor has been implied to be present in the action: 

• Narrators commentary
• Sound effects added for the dramatic effect
• Mood Music

Non-diegetic sound is represented as coming from the a source outside story space

• Ambient sound                                  
  

          Background noise

• Sound mix                    
  

The way in which the different sounds 
in a scene are mixed together         

• Direct address        
  

When the actors speaks directly to the camera

• Voiceover
  

Dialogue spoken by an unseen character over related images

• Dialogue
  

Words spoken by actors 

• Sound bridge

Sound linking the end of one scene and the beginning to the next

• Sound motif

A sound of piece of music associated with a character,place or theme.

Editing techniques

It can be used to construct representations.

Shot/reverse shot

Cutting back and forth between people in a conversation.
In this case the camera focuses on the first man with glasses and then cut to show the other man.




Graphic match

                             
                                         
            

A similar shape or color linking two consecutive shots. 










Dissolve
                                                                                               

One shot fades out as the next shot fades in.











Slow motion

What it says

Jump cut

A Jumpcut is a cut in film editing in which two sequential shots of the same subject are taken from camera positions that vary only slightly.

Camera movements

                                                                                                                                   Tilt

                  Pan                                                                                         

              

                                                                       

The camera moves from side to side.                                             The camera moves up and down

Crane


The camera moves up and down in a crane
It is often used by composers of films to signify the end of a film or scene. 








   
Track                                                          

The camera follows a person or subject.     
This camera movement is also called 'dolly' .               

Camera angles

• High angle                                                                  

It is a camera angle that looks down upon a subject.

A character shot with a high angle will look vulnerable or small. 

These angles are often used to demonstrate to the audience a perspective of a particular character. This demonstrates to us the perspective or point of view of a dog. 

As a viewer we can understand that the dog feels sad.

         

• Low angle

It is a camera angle that looks up at a character. This is the opposite of a high angle and makes a character look more powerful. This can make the audience feel vulnerable and small by looking up at the character. This can help the responder feel empathy if they are viewing the frame from another character's point of view.

• Canted angle

A camera angle which is deliberately slanted to one side, 

sometimes used for dramatic effect to help portray unease, 

disorientation, frantic or desperate action.

Camera shots

A camera shot is the amount of space that is seen in one shot or frame.camera shots are used to demonstrate different aspects of a film's setting,characters and themes.

some examples:

• Establishing shot                                                              

An establishing shot is usually the first shot of anew scene,          

designed to show the audience where the actions is taking place.
It is usually a very wide shot or extreme wide shot.

• Close-up

                         

  Showing someone from the shoulders up.

  This enables viewers to understand the actor's emotions and             allows them to feel empathy for the character.  

  This is also known as a personal shot.

• Long shot

showing someone from head to toe.
A long shot may show the viewers the building where the action will take place.

• Two shot 

Is when two characters are filmed in a single shot, normally filmed mid-chest up;this shot can create harmony or disharmony. 
These use of this shot is to show a conversation ,conflict , attraction the list is endless. 
An example of a two shot is in 'ted' represents a conversation between the two protagonist.

• Over the shoulder shot

Or OTS occurs where the camera is placed behind the shoulder of the character, and can either show the opposite person on and object.normally the should of the person is in soft and the subject is in sharp.

• Aerial shot

An exterior shot taken from a plane, crane, helicopter or any other very high position (air).

• Point of view show   
  

This shot shows a view from the subject's perspective.           

Research


My main task for this year is to make the titles and the opening of a new fiction film to last a maximum of two minutes.

A fiction movie is the genre which content is imaginative and is not necessarily based on real fact.This type of genre used to have symbolisms of  futuristic props, costumes and settings that reprsents the scientific advancement at the centre of the film, also some films techniques like close up of futuristics technologies,scientific elements and special effects.
The setting used to be in places like the outer space, other worlds or alternative versions of the earth.

HELLO this is my new media studies BLOG. Here i am going to present evidence of the process of my work during this year.